Which of the following does NOT have center/surround receptive fields?

The correct answer is that horizontal cells do not have center/surround receptive fields. Horizontal cells are a type of retinal interneuron that receive input from photoreceptors and serve to modulate the activity of bipolar cells and photoreceptors. They participate in lateral inhibition, which helps enhance contrast and support the overall visual processing by creating more uniform responses across the retina. However, their role is more about integrating and refining signals rather than forming distinct center/surround receptive fields.

In contrast, ON-center and OFF-center bipolar cells are directly responsive to changes in light conditions and do possess center/surround receptive fields. ON-center bipolar cells respond to an increase in light in their center region while being inhibited by light in the surrounding area. Conversely, OFF-center bipolar cells are excited by light in the surround and inhibited by light in the center.

Amacrine cells also play a role in visual processing but are more involved in processing signals from bipolar cells and integrating those signals before they reach ganglion cells or influencing the output in various ways rather than forming distinct center/surround receptive fields.